Observance Guru Nanak, Guru Arjan
Sangrand
The first day of each month, on which the sangat gathers to hear the Barah Maha, the twelve-month poem of Guru Arjan in Raag Majh and of Guru Nanak in Raag Tukhari, read for the month that is beginning.
Sangrand 2027 falls on Friday, 12 February, computed for Chennai.
Latitude, longitude and time zone 13.08, 80.27
Asia/Kolkata · UTC+5:30
The date of a festival depends on the place.
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A tithi that ends at dusk in Chennai can still be running at dusk a thousand kilometres west, which moves the day. Sunrise and sunset here are computed for the place above.
When it falls next
Punjab calendar, computed for Chennai
- Friday, 12 February 2027
- Saturday, 12 February 2028
- Monday, 12 February 2029
Where Sangrand falls on the solar year, and how far the date moves between occurrences.
- 2027: 12 Feb
- 2028: 12 Feb, the same day of the year
- 2029: 12 Feb, the same day of the year
The dates, year by year
Punjab calendar, computed for Chennai
What the day is
The first day of each month, on which the sangat gathers to hear the Barah Maha, the twelve-month poem of Guru Arjan in Raag Majh and of Guru Nanak in Raag Tukhari, read for the month that is beginning. The verse for the month is read out after the morning diwan and the new month is announced. It is not an auspicious day in the astrological sense, and the Barah Maha was written to say exactly that: the month is good when the mind is turned to the Guru and not otherwise.
- Deity
- Guru Nanak, Guru Arjan
- Kind
- Observance Days marked, watched or begun, without a fast or a feast of their own.
Significance
The Barah Maha walks through the Punjab's year month by month, from the heat of Jeth to the cold of Poh, and reads each season as a state of the soul, parted from the Beloved or united with him. The verse for the month is read on its first day, so over a year the sangat hears the whole poem through. Some Sikh scholars have long argued that the sangrand should not be treated as holy in itself, since the Gurus set no store by auspicious days, yet the gathering on the first of the month has stayed popular because it keeps the sangat meeting and the months named. Families who cannot come often read the month's verse at home from the gutka.
How it is kept
The puja as a household does it, in order. Tick each step as it is done.
Sangrand: how it is kept
Keep ready
- a head covering
- a gutka of the Barah Maha for reading at home
- langar rations, if the family gives that month
The steps
0 of 5 done
What is cooked
Karah prashad at the close of the diwan and the langar of the day; nothing special is cooked.
The hour
Clock times for Friday, 12 February 2027 at Chennai
The first of the month in the fixed Nanakshahi calendar, which falls on the same Gregorian date every year. The Bikrami sangrand, the day the Sun actually enters the sign, can fall a day either side of it.
The main rite. The first day of the month in the fixed Nanakshahi calendar, the day the calendar prints; the Bikrami sangrand, the day the Sun enters the sign, can fall a day either side of it. The Barah Maha is read after the morning diwan.
This day's rule names no hour of its own: it is fixed by the tithi or the nakshatra running at sunrise. The rule above is the whole of it, and the day's own times are below.
The day itself
| What | When | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Tithi | Shukla Shashti from 03:19 until next day 03:00 | then Shukla Saptami until 2 days later, 02:07 |
| Nakshatra | Ashwini until next day 05:56 | then Bharani until 2 days later, 05:38 |
| Rahu kaal | 10:56 to 12:23 (1 h 28 min) | the eighth of the daylight left alone for a beginning |
| Yamaganda | 15:18 to 16:46 (1 h 28 min) | the eighth ruled by Yama, also avoided |
| Gulika | 08:00 to 09:28 (1 h 28 min) | the eighth of Saturn’s son; what is done in it is said to repeat |
| Abhijit | 12:00 to 12:47 (0 h 47 min) | the midday muhurta, good for most things |
| Moonrise | 09:59 | moonset 22:54 |
For Friday, 12 February 2027 at Chennai. A time marked "previous day" or "next day" is on the clock of that day.
The fast
No fast is kept. The langar is served after the diwan as on any other day.
What is avoided
The sangrand is not treated as a lucky or unlucky day, and nothing is begun or put off because of it. There is no special greeting; it is an ordinary morning at the gurdwara, made a little fuller.
The name
The same day, in every language that has a word for it
Where the regions differ
The Punjab keeps the sangrand at the gurdwara; the solar calendars of Bengal, Assam, Nepal, Kerala and Tamil Nadu turn their months on the same ingress and count the day differently in each. Traditions vary on whether a sangat follows the Nanakshahi date or the Bikrami one.
In other regions
- Punjab (the dates above)
- The Punjab keeps the sangrand at the gurdwara, with the fullest diwans at the Harmandir Sahib and the historic gurdwaras; traditions vary on whether a sangat follows the Nanakshahi date or the Bikrami one.
The dates above are the Punjab reckoning, because that is the calendar this key belongs to. Switch the tradition on the calendar page to see how another one dates the same day.
Mantras
The prayers said with the day. Each opens with its words and meaning.
- Mool Mantar (Ik Onkar)
- Japji Sahib
A name without a link is a long reading, read in full from the family’s own copy or at the place of worship; the library prints the shorter prayers.
Every date here is computed from the Sun and Moon for the place entered, by the rule printed beside it.
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A printed panchangam can differ by a day where an almanac reads a tithi at a different instant, and a family's own custom always comes first. Where the practice genuinely varies, the text says so rather than choosing for you.